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Catalysis in flow microreactors with wall coatings of acidic polymer brushes and dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticles

机译：流动微反应器中带有酸性聚合物刷和树枝状聚合物包封的纳米颗粒的壁涂层的催化

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Continuous-flow microreactors are an invaluable tool to carry out organic reactions owing to their numerous advantages with respect to batch scale synthesis. In particular, supported catalysts enable heterogeneous catalysis to be conducted in an efficient way. In this thesis, the development and activity of different organic and nanometallic catalysts supported in different ways on the inner walls of glass microreactors, has been presented Their catalytic activity is proven in a variety of acid- catalyzed reactions, C-C cross-couplings, and reductions. Chapter 2 presents a literature overview about the state-of-the-art of nanoparticle catalysis in microfluidic reactors. The first part of the thesis shows two strategies for the introduction of sulfonic acid groups within microreactors and their activity in several acid-catalyzed reactions. The second part of this thesis deals with the use of dendrimer-encapsulated metallic nanoparticles (M DENs) covalently attached to the inner surface of the microreactors. Pd DENs catalyzed efficiently C-C cross- couplings, such as Suzuki-Miyaura and Sonogashira reactions. Bimetallic Au/Ag DENs were employed in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol. In summary, the results presented in this thesis highlight the advantages of using supported catalysts within continuous-flow microreactors for heterogeneous catalysis. Functionalization of the large inner surface of microreactors was achieved by using a single layer of an organic acid catalyst, by catalyst-bearing polymer brushes and by dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticles. The vast portfolio of supported catalysts together with the safety and the efficiency of carrying out many organic reactions will undoubtedly establish microfluidic reactors as a core technology in chemical synthesis and analysis.
机译：连续流微反应器由于在批量生产中具有许多优势，因此是进行有机反应的宝贵工具。特别地，负载的催化剂能够以有效的方式进行多相催化。本文提出了以不同方式负载在玻璃微反应器内壁上的各种有机和纳米金属催化剂的开发和活性，其催化活性已在多种酸催化反应，CC交叉偶联和还原反应中得到证明。 。第2章介绍了有关微流体反应器中纳米颗粒催化技术的最新文献综述。论文的第一部分显示了两种在微反应器中引入磺酸基及其在几种酸催化反应中的活性的策略。本论文的第二部分涉及共价附着于微反应器内表面的树枝状聚合物包封的金属纳米颗粒（M DENs）的使用。 Pd DENs可以有效催化C-C交叉偶联，例如Suzuki-Miyaura和Sonogashira反应。双金属Au / Ag DENs用于还原4-硝基苯酚。总之，本文提出的结果突出了在连续流微反应器内使用负载型催化剂进行多相催化的优势。通过使用单层有机酸催化剂，带有催化剂的聚合物刷和树枝状聚合物包封的纳米颗粒，可以实现微反应器大内表面的功能化。大量的负载型催化剂以及进行许多有机反应的安全性和效率无疑将把微流体反应器确立为化学合成和分析的核心技术。

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    Ricciardi, R.;

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  • 年度 2015
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